Thursday, November 14, 2019
Chinese Entrepreneurs in Singapore: Paths to Success Essay -- Business
Chinese Entrepreneurs in Singapore: Paths to Success Due to the economic hardships and threat of Japanese invasion in China in the first half of the 20th century, many men left their homeland in search of success and opportunities abroad. One of the places that many of them migrated to was Singapore. This new and foreign place was fraught with obstacles; however, some of these Chinese men eventually achieved great success. The success of these Chinese entrepreneurs in Singapore was not only due to their personal determination, but it was also contingent upon their social ties, and the economic and political conditions. In the following essay, the experiences of Ng Teow Yhee and Chew Choo Keng will be referred to extensively to illustrate the various combinations of complex factors that lead to their success. Firstly, I will begin with a discussion on the motivations and reasons why the men chose to depart from their families in China. Secondly, the necessity of initial social ties in Singapore will be discussed as well as their first work experiences, which helped to shape their perspectives and goals. Thirdly, the effects of the Japanese invasion on the development and viability of Chinese businesses in Singapore will be examined. Fourthly, the great business developments made by the Chinese, post-Japanese occupation, will be discussed. Lastly, I will compare Ng Teow Yheeââ¬â¢s and Chew Choo Kengââ¬â¢s management styles, strategies and beliefs in order to illustrate how their personal characteristics contributed to their achievement of success. The early 20th century was a period when China was wrought with wars and economic uncertainty. As a result, migrants were forced to uproot from their homeland to seek fortunes abroad. Thus, their motivation was fundamentally an economic oneââ¬âthat is, to earn money to survive and remit to their poor families in China as support. In other words, ââ¬Å"the motivation for emigration seemed to arisen more from the push factors caused by Chinaââ¬â¢s poverty and absence of opportunity than from the pull factors then existent in Nanyangâ⬠¦.â⬠(Chan & Chiang, 40) Two prime examples of men who sought their livelihoods in Singapore due to their dreadful village conditions were: Ng Teow Yhee and Chew Choo Keng. Ng was forced to leave his home in 1938, at the age of 15, due to the impending Japanese invasion. Du... ...ial ties, and the economic and political conditions. This has been chronologically illustrated using the experiences of Ng Teow Yhee and Chew Choo Kengââ¬âfrom the time they decided to leave China, to their first jobs in Singapore, to the Japanese Occupation years, into the post-occupation period. It can be seen that their childhood experiences and the life experiences they gained along the way helped them to succeed by providing them with a strong knowledge base upon which to develop their businesses. Although these were prime examples of those who did succeed, it must be noted that there were many with the same determination that did not. Success is dependant on the combination of a number of complex factors. As such, success could not be guaranteed to all those who were innovative and risk-taking because they are not sufficient preconditions for successful entrepreneurship. (Chan & Chiang, 35) Bibliography Chan Kwok Bun & Claire Chiang. Stepping Out: The Making of Chinese Entrepreneurs. Singapore: Prentice Hall, 1994. Chew, Ernest and Edwin Lee. ââ¬Å"Chapter 6: The Syonan Years, 1942-1945.â⬠A History of Singapore. Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Tuesday, November 12, 2019
Sample Survey Questionnaire
Good day! The researcher is conducting a study entitled, ââ¬Å"Advantages and Disadvantages of a First Year Cadet who has a Cousin on the Senior Classesâ⬠. This survey will serve as an instrument in the fulfillment of the said study. The researcher also hopes for honest answers which will be based on your own experience inline with the study. The researcher also assures you that your response will be kept confidential. Truly yours, E/Cdt. Sesgundo, Jun Paulo B. Researcher Personal Information: Name (Optional):_____________________________ Age: ______________ Year and Section: _____________________________Instructions: Put whether your answer is strongly agree, agree, disagree or strongly disagree through their corresponding numbers as listed below; 4 ââ¬â Strongly Agree 3 ââ¬â Agree 2 ââ¬â Disagree 1 ââ¬â Strongly Disagree |Questions |Response | |A. |Did your cousin from the higher classes help you in entering NYK-TDG Maritime Academy? | | |B. |Does your cousin from the higher classes help you in your daily life inside NYK-TDG Maritime | | | |Academy? | |C. |Does your cousin from the higher classes help you in your academic subjects? | | |D. |Does your cousin from the higher classes help you when other senior bullies you? | | |E. |Does your classmates and batch mate benefits from you on having a cousin on the senior classes? | | |F. |Did some of your classmates and batch mate criticize you on having a cousin from the senior | | | |classes? | | |G. Have you been given a corrective measure from another senior just because of having a cousin from | | | |the higher classes? | | |H. |Have you once used your cousinââ¬â¢s name as an alibi for having done a violation? | | | |Does your cousin from the higher classes give you a corrective measure for having done a | | |I. |violation? | | |J. |Is your cousin from the higher classes going on bonding with you during liberties and vacations? | | |K. Does your cousin from the higher classes cares abo ut you in terms of your attitude performance | | | |towards other cadets? | | |L. |Is your cousin from the senior classes bias between you and your other fellow first year cadets? | | |M. |If your cousin is bias with you and other first year cadets, are you in favor of it? | | |N. |Did your cousin from the higher classes give a corrective measure to other cadets because of | | | |bullying you? | |
Saturday, November 9, 2019
Mateo Falcone by Prosper Mérimée Essay
Mateo Falcone Author: Prosper Mà ©rimà ©e Introduction Sept. 28, 1803, Paris ââ¬â died Sept. 23, 1870, Cannes, France A French dramatist, historian, archaeologist, and master of the short story whose works ââ¬â Romantic in theme but Classical and controlled in style ââ¬â were a renewal of Classicism in a Romantic age. Story: Mateo Falcone This opera constitutes the last of three short serious operas by this composer, the other two being Feast in Time of Plague and Mademoiselle Fifi. ââ¬Å"Mateo Falconeâ⬠addresses matters of family honor. It is set in Corsica in the seventeenth century in the region of Porto-Vecchio. Setting Mateo Falcone Characters Fortunato Falcone Mateo Falconeââ¬â¢s ten-year-old son. His father regards him as ââ¬Ëââ¬Ëthe hope of the family.ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ The name Fortunato, meaning ââ¬Ëââ¬Ëthe fortunate one,ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ reflects his fatherââ¬â¢s pride. cont. Introduction Story: Mateo Falcone Prosper Mà ©rimà ©eââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Mateo Falconeâ⬠(1829), originally subtitled ââ¬Å"Les moeurs de Corseâ⬠(ââ¬Å"The Ways of Corsicaâ⬠), chronicles the killing of a ten-year-old boy by his father. Such contemporaries as Stendhal (Henri Beyle), Henry James, and Walter Pater admired Mà ©rimà ©e and praised him for his craft. Pater called ââ¬Å"Mateo Falconeâ⬠ââ¬Å"the cruellest story in the world.â⬠ââ¬Å"Mateo Falconeâ⬠is a brief, but complex story. It features at least five points of view and at least four ââ¬Å"ways of lifeâ⬠(the ââ¬Å"moeursâ⬠of the original subtitle). Mà ©rimà ©eââ¬â¢s themes include betrayal and honor, savagery and civilization, vendetta and law, and custom and morality. A forty-eight-year-old father of three married daughters and one ten-year-old son; Giuseppa Falconeââ¬â¢s husband. Giuseppa Falcone Mateo Falconeââ¬â¢s wife. Tiodoro Gamba The adjutant; a distant relative of Falconeââ¬â¢s. Gianetto Saupiero An outlaw. Exposition Plot Summary ââ¬Å"Mateo Falconeâ⬠is set in Corsica in the seventeenth century in the region of Porto-Vecchio, which is midway between the town of Corte and the mà ¢aquis, the wild country of the Corsican highlands where outlaws and misfits find refuge from law and authority. Mateo Falcone, a forty-eight-year-old father of three married daughters and one ten-year-old son, is a successful sheep rancher. He sets off to gather his flock one afternoon. His wife, Guiseppa, accompanies him, and they leave their son, Fortunato alone. Rising Action Fortunato daydreams in the autumn sun. He anticipates going into town in a few days to have dinner with his uncle, the Caporal. Suddenly, he was distracted by the gunshots echo from nearby. On nearby path, a wounded man appears and had been shot in his thigh. Seeing Fortunato, he asks whether the boy is the son of Mateo Falcone, after confirming, he introduces himself as Gianetto Saupiero, the implication being that he has a tie to Falcone and thus a right to expect asylum. Fortunato at first declines to hide Gianetto, but when the bandit offers a piece of silver, the boy conceals him beneath the hay. Climax Six soldiers arrive, led by adjutant Tiodoro Gamba, who addresses Fortunato as ââ¬Å"cousin,â⬠once again implying a tie to the Falconeââ¬â¢s. Gamba wants to know whether Fortunato has seen a man on the trail. Fortunato evades Gamba ââ¬â¢s questions, and Gamba suspects that the boy is in complicity with Gianetto. He threatens to beat Fortunato, but the boy only replies that he is Mateo Falconeââ¬â¢s son, and the lieutenant understands that he dare not harm Fortunato for fear of angering the father. The soldiers search the property but find nothing. Finally, Gamba attempts to bribe Fortunato with a shiny new watch. Fortunato accepts the bribe and silently nods in the direction of the haystack. Falling Action Mateo and Guiseppa return from the pastures. Gamba advances cautiously and explains to Mateo what has happened. When Mateo ascertains the facts, he abruptly asks his wife whether the boy is really his child. Fortunato collapses in tears, sobbing and crying, and the wife becomes hysterical. Mateo commands Fortunato to leave with him into the high country. Denouement As Mateo and Fortunato climb into the mountains, Guiseppa prays inside the house to an icon of the Virgin Mary. In a ravine, Mateo commands Fortunato to kneel and say his prayers. When he finishes praying, Fortunato begs for mercy, but Mateo gives none. He raises his rifle and shoots. Theme Analysis Justice prevails. The end justifies the means. Regrets are always in the end. Symbolism Mateo Falcone ââ¬â Justice Fortunato ââ¬â Sin Gamba and Gianetto ââ¬â Temptation Guiseppa ââ¬â Love and Sympathy Foreshadowing Gamba attempts to bribe Fortunato with a shiny new watch. Flashback Gamba told Mateo what Gianetto had done to one of his soldiers and to the Caporal Chardonââ¬â¢s arm. Gamba told Mateo what Fortunato had done to help them discover where Gianetto is. Conflict Fortunato Falcone VS. Himself Mateo Falcone VS. Fortunato Falcone Land VS. Fortunato Falcone It is the temptation alone that brought Fortunato of committing bribery despite of knowing the fact that justice is placed on the hands of his father, Mateo Falcone which leads to his death.
Thursday, November 7, 2019
Computer Aided Software Tools (CASE)
Computer Aided Software Tools (CASE) Introduction In software development, Computer Aided Software Engineering tools (CASE tools) are indispensable as they cut down the cost and time of software development while at the same time improving their efficiency and quality. They also make it easy for information to be presented in a logical manner thus making communication easy. They are often used as supports for traditional methods and object-oriented methodologies.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Computer Aided Software Tools (CASE) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many researches have focused on the use of CASE tools in the workplace. However, very few of them have compared the existing options of CASE tools. Therefore, this essay provides a comparison of two of the existing CASE tools based on parameters like repository, forward engineering features, reverse engineering features, and modelling tools. It also provides a suggestion of the better CASE tool. Comparison For the sake of comparison of the CASE tools, two tools, visual analyst and the IBM rational software, were selected. The comparison involved focusing on the repository techniques used, the forward and reverse engineering characteristics, as well as the modelling tools used. These are looked at in details leading to an appropriate conclusion on the preferred CASE tool. Repository Repository is necessarily a base of reverse engineering and the standard starting point for the same. It is also the main approach and preliminary point as well as a template in the modernisation of COBOL. Developers of any application need a repository to ease their work besides cutting cost to improve efficiency during the development and upgrading of IT systems. Another key function of repository is binding of the tools used in Visible Analyst (VA). Importation of information in the form of diagrams and objects into repository is a precursor of VA modelling tools, which store them befor e use. A repository therefore forms the foundation in the development of models besides acting as the obligatory initial point irrespective of the method used. The quality of a repository also has an overall effect on the success of the development. The use of the repository is common to both the visual analyst and IBM rational software with varying differences evident on the utilization of services (Roger, 2001, p.23). The use of repository in CASE tools is noteworthy because it facilitates information storage. The efficiency of a repository system in a CASE tool determines the success of the tool and hence the popularity among clients (Oââ¬â¢Brien, 1995, p.34). The content of a repository includes data, process, models, and rules or constraints. The IBM rational software uses a secure repository to manage contents besides providing a centralized store of data on businesses and other related information. A viewer only gets read-only rights, as a case that contributes to the secu rity of the system and the information stored in it.Advertising Looking for assessment on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organizations can upload employeesââ¬â¢ information here, convey information to the organizational members, and post changes in policy and other reports such as goals and objectives (Oââ¬â¢Brien, 1995, p.36). An online database that requires a server is necessary for the IBM repository to be effective with the possibility of many users accessing the service. For the visual Analyst, the same technique is applied with only a difference in the databases used. The cloud is the choice of technique used with information being stored in a centralized large server. The server is secured with passwords and other protective tools with the only available access being coded for administrators only (Roger, 2001, p.25). A series of supercomputers keep the server functioning with the date moving to-and-fro at a large speed. The visual analyst therefore provides a secure method of data storage for a cheaper cost compared to IBM rational software. Forward Engineering features As a definition, forward engineering is the science involved in the development of new software from the already existing ones or as a change to existing software. Forward engineering uses the existing information on repositories to develop systems with greater functionality, stability, efficiency, and according to user needs. There are advantages to the use of forward engineering as compared to starting from the scratch, as less time is spent. Developers depend on the already proven systems. Currently, it surprises to realise that every system developer considers the use of forward engineering as an efficient method of getting around system development. Forward engineering is also currently used to convert diagrams stored in repositories into codes to be executed in any platform as indicated by their type. Forward engineering does not use pre-existing codes in the development of new models, as it is the case with reverse engineering. It is therefore employed in the development of non-existent models. In information technology, forward engineering involves the formulation of skeleton codes from pre-existing models. In both IBM rational software and visual analyst CASE tools, forward engineering is a common feature, as it is to most or all the other existing tools. In IBM rational software, forward engineering consists of a systematic process. The model of the software is pertinent here. The components have to be identified first. The tasks involved are classes of software identification, checking the syntax, and class path. Code generation follows with a backup of the source suggested.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Computer Aided Software Tools (CASE) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The last step in volves viewing the generated source. Visual analyst CASE tool utilizes forward engineering in a simpler way compared to IBM rational software. The complex procedure like that followed in IBM is not followed here. The process ends up being simpler and faster. However, this compromises security and efficiency in the final product with low productivity. For small enterprises willing to use the CASE tools, visual analyst would offer a better alternative with similar objectives. In forward engineering, more codes are developed in visual analyst tools compared to IBM. The argument holds because visual analyst offers a better and more flexible environment for model manipulation. Therefore, it edges out IBM based on this consideration despite the lower performance rating. Reverse Engineering Compared to forward engineering, reverse engineering entails the development of models from pre-existing codes (Roger, 2001, p.27). Through manipulation of existing codes, a software developer can devel op new systems especially those that are currently not produced anymore to develop them. This entails a careful study of the existing codes, their manipulation, and use to develop the new models. This step is important in the vital software tools that are hard to reproduce. Different IT companies have different thoughts on the efficiency of reverse engineering in the development of newer models with some preferring to use forward engineering at the expense of reverse engineering. As the opposite of forward engineering, reverse engineering attempts to recreate models from codes that are pre-existing (Roger, 2001, p.27). The initial step involves meticulous scanning of the existing codes leading to the generation of new models. These are distinct from previous versions, as they carry a unique character that differentiates them from other versions. The existing requirements dictate the type of code that is used, and the more diverse the code, the greater the flexibility of the model. R everse engineering is critical in generating models for systems that have since run out of market, or are no longer produced since they are out-dated. It also finds the use in the analysis of existing software to establish designs and their specifications. Reverse engineering is well utilised in both tools as required in the competitive market. In IBM reverse engineering procedure, a derby database or a DB2 oracle database is used. The process guides the user in a series of steps with each step requiring a confirmation to proceed to the next. The first step involves the creation of an empty project referred to as ââ¬Ëmy applicationââ¬â¢.Advertising Looking for assessment on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The whole process of reverse engineering in IBM rational software involves about seventeen processes that are comprehensive and easy to follow. However, these require expertise and patience as they involve close follow-up. Visual Analyst CASE tool on the other hand ââ¬Å"builds and reverses the engineer database schemas for Oracle and SQLâ⬠(Oââ¬â¢Brien, 1995, p.39). The code is automatically generated with fewer steps involved. This means that it is less involving besides its delivery of greater results compared to IBM. Reverse engineering, as it happens with visual analyst, involves a somewhat similar process to that of the IBM CASE tool with only few differences. Pre-existing codes are used to generate newer models with the initial step of scanning being similar both processes. The creation of newer models to replace old and out-dated models is more successful when using the visual analysis CASE tool compared to the IBM rational software. Modelling tools Modelling tools are very important in the development of CASE tools. They are used in the development of newer software after an appropriate method is decided on. A good example is the UML (Unified Modelling Language) modelling tools, which are favoured by the IBM. Once a developer settles on the appropriate method of software engineering and development, he/she needs an appropriate tool to use. The tool used is referred as a modelling tool. There are different tools that can be employed in the development of models. However, this depends on the convenience of the developer and the software involved. Modelling tools are vital components of CASE tools. IBM rational software and visual analyst are no exceptions. In IBM rational software, modelling tools are valuable in information storage as they enable the writing of information on the repository. The tools used include the rational software modeller, rational software architect, and rational systems developer (Roger, 2001, p.28). Both CASE tools su pport the Unified Model Language (UML), which is the most current (Roger, 2001, p.28). Therefore, this means that, in comparing the modelling tools used by both CASE tools, one will see the little significant difference that exists between them. This similarity excludes the use of modelling tools used by the two to differentiate between them. However, the number of tools varies with the visual analyst using a greater number of tools and improving on diversity and flexibility (Oââ¬â¢Brien, 1995, p.39). This stands out as an added advantage over the IBM rational software. Visible Company IBM Repository Single type of repository is used Uses three types of repositories Forward Engineering Model: driven architecture is not used The architecture is model driven There is unification of the Modeling Language used Modeling Tools Use UML and other tools Mainly UML is used Construction Tools Shared Modeling tools IBM software modeler Preferred met hod for a company From the above discussion, there are evident differences between the IBM rational software and the visual analyst CASE tools. These exist in the repository techniques used, the available forward and reverse engineering features of the tools, and the modelling tools. Given the choice of both tools for an organization or a company, visual analyst would emerge as a preferred personal choice for Tawazun Training Company, which was established in 2009. It needed to enhance its information system. The reasons behind the preference include the differences above, as well as the additional reasons stated below. Of the two tools, visible analyst is known to support both structures and other different types of designs. As Oââ¬â¢Brien (1995, p.40), confirms, ââ¬Å"Visible analyst also supports UML or object-oriented designâ⬠. This means that it is more accommodating to many designs. Despite having poor java integration, it is useful in ââ¬Å"reverse engineering datab ases for Oracle and SQLâ⬠(Oââ¬â¢Brien, 1995, p.39), as pointed earlier on. Another advantage is that it recognizes most design diagrams besides having the capacity to export and print them, as opposed to the others. When it comes to the flexibility of the tool, it is more flexible and consistent compared to the IBM tool even though this is user-prompted. Since there is a tutorial on the use of visible analyst program, it is easy for armatures and first time users to learn how to use it. This eliminates the challenge of training users. At the same time, it simplifies the program for the general population in addition to cutting down costs and time spent or wasted in informing the users about it. These are some of the considerations in setting up a CASE tool for a company. As such, the visual analyst satisfies most, if not all of them. The features in the visual analyst are similar to those in IBMs CASE tool with both having the same capability and near performance. The commo n features include the CASE repository in which data on businesses and clients is stored for reference. This is linked to the workstation, which in turn consists of a planning toolset, an analysis toolset, and a design toolset. Other key components include the automatic code generator, the report generator, user interface generator, and the toolset used for automatic code generation. These are important in the development of the software involved. The pricing of the two software tools varies based on their use, the type of the software, and their functionality. With all these factors constant, the visual analyst CASE tool is cheaper in installation, purchasing, and maintenance compared to IBM rational software. Therefore, this makes it a preferred choice in my choice of organization since it would cut on operational costs. However, with the increased number of software changes that are necessary, as well as the constant reviews needed, the visual analyst would also end up increasing the cost of organizationââ¬â¢s running. However, this drawback is countered by the fact that there is an increased functionality with each software change leading to a more efficient working environment. In the overall look and feel of the CASE tools, other tools have about the same value with the only difference being the physical appearance and the general look (Roger, 2001, p.29). Both tools also have similar outlooks. This is confusing to most beginners of information technology. These similar looks and feels are of little significance in the making of a choice between the two. The claim holds because the selection of a tool is not guided by the look and feel but rather by the performance index attributed to it. Based on these criteria, visual analysis CASE tool would emerge as the most preferred by people who need to improve the information systems of their organizations. Another determining factor would be the ease of access and usage. Visual analysis is easier to operate, understand, and maintain for a medium sized company where importance is given to the operating cost rather than investment in CASE tools. This principle has led to the tool being popular among small businesses and companies. As a result, it continues to be seen throughout different parts of the world. With the above considerations, I would find visual analysis a preference for the organization. Conclusion In conclusion, there are various sites and companies offering CASE tools, which include visual analyst, IBM rational software, oracle designer, and visual-paradigm. Of the above methods, each has its own strengths and weaknesses over the other. A comparison between IBM Rational Software and Visible Analyst reveals this, as done in the paper. The substantial differences exist in the uses of repository, forward and reverse engineering features available, and the modelling tools among others. The visual analyst tool emerges stronger compared to IBMs tool, as discussed as a personal p reference in the paper. The differences in functionality, ease of use, and look and feel characteristics lead to the conclusion that visual analyst is better that IBM rational software. Reference List Oââ¬â¢Brien A. (1995).Introduction to Information Systems, An End user/Enterprise Perspective. London: McGraw Hill Edition. Roger, S. (2001). Software Engineering ââ¬â A Practitionerââ¬â¢s Approach. London: McGraw-Hill International Edition
Tuesday, November 5, 2019
What Makes Truckers Stick with a Company
What Makes Truckers Stick with a Company Recent surveys conducted in and around Salt Lake City, Utah, showed that drivers, ranging from their early 20sà to 60+, stayed with one company an average of 5.73 years and were spending 2.61 weeks away from home on average each trip. In an industry where employers tend to focus on turnover rather than retention, it was an unexpected shift towards what trucking companies tend to forget about- that loyalty is its own reward. The companyââ¬â¢s surveys found that the majority of drivers value ââ¬Å"a respectful, friendly, understanding, and kindâ⬠environment, followed closely by independence. Practices that incited loyalty included listening to suggestions, providing incentives, and covering benefits.Top companies for retention include:Motor Carrier Service (Ohio), which issues a driver scorecard and asks drivers for input before releasing it. Managers also work closely with drivers to implement suggestions and critiques.Interstate Distributor (Washington), whichà focuses on ethics and leadership, features consistency throughout its operations, and has retained 55% of its drivers for more than 5 years.Fremont Contract Carriers (Nebraska), whichà surveys its drivers frequently, and provides clear responsive adjustments based on driver feedback.
Sunday, November 3, 2019
Article response Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1
Response - Article Example milar levels of proficiency in their L3.Can Cross-Linguistic Influence(CLI) from L2 be observed in the, L3 lexicon of the candidate/learner who has attained a low level of L2 proficiency and who has also had limited exposure to that language? Let us see. The study showed that L1(English was used as L1 in the study) was by far the main source of influence on L3 languages. The CLI found in the L3(Germany was used) of the candidates in the high 2nd language proficiency(low L2 exposure) group has features of the Cross Linguistic Influence found in the L3 of the candidates in the high 2nd language proficiency(low L2 exposure) has characteristics of the CLI found in the L3 of the candidates in the high second language proficiency/high L2 exposure and the low second language proficiency(low L2) exposure groups. In a study of the placement of sentence negation in third language acquisition, it is argued that there is a contrast between acquisition of a second language and the acquisition of a third language. Although there is substantial evidence for L2 impact on vocabulary acquisition in L3, not every researcher believe that such manipulation generalizes to morph syntactic aspects of the grammar. The data clearly shows that syntactic structures are easily transferred from the second language than from the first language in the initial stage of L3 acquisition. The two groups behave almost contrastingly concerning the placement of negation, a contrast that can be sources to the L2 knowledge of the candidates in interaction with the typological relationship between the second and the third languages (Tremblay, 2006). The impact of L1 on L3 of learners who have achieved a higher level of L2 proficiency is the same, regardless of the level of exposure of L2 by the learners. While the overall rates of L1 influence are the same/similar for the high L2 proficiency exposure and a low second language exposure groups, the overall rate of first language influence found in the L3
Thursday, October 31, 2019
Computer Games as an Emerging Form of Art Essay
Computer Games as an Emerging Form of Art - Essay Example Over the past 25 years, the journey begins from two-paddles and a ball pong game to the complexity of final fantasy, and the sophistication and realism of counter strike versions. The requirement of vivid graphics, better sound, greater memory, and rapid processing has increased the consumer demand of home pc accessories and equipments. The release of new and 3D games every other day has signaled that the game designers are still having enough resources to emerge their creations as a popular art. Computer games are no more taken as a waste of time and energy. It is an emerging form of art, which still requires to be recognized, but still an art. Likewise, the computer games are discussed by the college and university students, as it is used to be for the cinema. These days, a growing number of students are having the ambition to become a game designer, rather than a filmmaker. This shows the increasing recognition of computer games these days as a profession and art. In this 21st century, our aesthetic sensibility is being shaped by this important new popular art and these games are seriously taken in today's world. The proof of its recognition is the admission of web artists and game designers, which were invited in the prestigious biannual show at New York's Whitney Museum regarding the digital art in the modern world. However, this point has not gone through the eyes of critics and one can imagine their responses to the idea that art can be something humorous, unpretentious, and playful as computer games. Therefore, they say that computer is only a tool, and maybe a new form of cultural pollution, where our kids are taught the different ways to kill their counterparts, etc. In contrary, a new lively art is represented by the computer games. It is not computer, but the art is shaped by the human creativity. A realm of experimentation without a physical risk and innovation is experienced and transformed from the computer screen aesthetically, which is accessible to everybody and anytime. That is one of the significant reasons that these games have been embraced by most of the public. However, the same path of cinema may not be taken by these games. Own artistic principles will be developed by the game designers, in order to fulfill the public's desires for interactivity and storytelling. Somehow, games provide a platform to the people, where they can have the freedom to express their emotions fairly, and can experience emotionally. Nevertheless, games do matter. Because, our children's imaginations are spark by them, by taking them to different difficult quests and making them feel the various emotions of strange worlds and stages. Games do matter, because the real world play spaces is more accessible to our kids, which used to make parents nervous and worried about their children. Nowadays, cognitive and emotional development of children and students is encouraged and supported by these computer games. The students are given the opportunities and chances to prove themselves as the best and allow them to solve the problems by their own, or with the help of their teammates. Leadership, teamwork, competition, and collaboration opportunities are formed with the help of multi-player games. The virtual
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