Climate Change in Saudi Arabia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Environmental Change in Saudi Arabia - Research Paper Example The world is observer to impressive variety, in regard of wellsprings of vitality. Furthermore, there is an expansion in the quantity of vitality decisions being given to the different nations of the world. These endeavors are the result of vitality, security, monetary and ecological concerns. Everywhere throughout the world, there has been a steady changeover, from an economy dependent on non-renewable energy sources, to on that relies upon feasible types of vitality. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia presents a very enlightening case, in such manner. It is one of the biggest oil exporters on the planet and is home to 25% of the world’s oil holds. Generally, this nation has been putting forth genuine attempts at urbanization and industrialization. This country gets a lot of daylight and appreciates extensive breeze assets. Be that as it may, these sustainable power source assets have not been enough abused. The worries over the atmosphere and shows of the United Nations remain to upset the financial advancement of Saudi Arabia. This realm will be required to embrace elective vitality sources and shun the utilization of customary petroleum products. The UN demands that the realm should embrace inventive innovations, for example, sun oriented force for its vitality needs. The monetary development of Saudi Arabia has eased back down to an obvious degree, by virtue of the worldwide financial log jam. Saudi Arabia has the biggest oil holds on the planet, and it had made huge benefits by definitely expanding the cost of oil, in the ongoing past. Subsequently, it isn't genuinely influenced by the current monetary emergency. The request of the created world to decrease the utilization of carbon-based energizes has drawn a sharp response from the Saudis.

Norman Mcleans A River Runs Through It Explores Many Feelings And Exp

Norman Mclean's A River Runs Through It investigates numerous emotions and encounters of one ?turn of the century? family in Missoula, Montana. In both the film, coordinated by Robert Redford, and the first work of fiction we finish the Mcleans their delights and distresses. Be that as it may, the names of the characters and places are not absolutely adventitious. These are similar individuals and spots referred to by Norman Mclean as he was growing up. It could be said, A River Runs Through It is Mclean's life account. In spite of the fact that these personal impacts are very clear over the span of the story they have further roots in the later existence of the creator as he adapts to his life's hardships. The characters in the film and book are taken directly from Mclean's life. From the dedicated, delicate focused, serve father, to the inebriated, ?down on his karma?, brother by marriage, Neil. The character of Paul shows up the be the most consistent with life individual from Nor man's family. The crowd rapidly gets comfortable with Paul and his temperamental, consistently prepared for anything demeanor. This is apparent in the start of the story with Paul's incessant expression ?...with a wagered on the to make things fascinating (Mclean 6).? ?It was practically interesting and in some cases not all that clever to see a kid continually needing to wager on himself and practically sure to win (Mclean 5).? Not at all like Norman who was thoroughly self-taught each morning, while Paul appeared to get away from this torment. The young men would spend their evenings skipping in the forested areas and angling the Big Blackfoot River. The distinctions that created among Paul's and Norman's angling styles become apparent in the distributed variants of Mclean's life just as his reality. Norman followed the customary style instructed by their minister father, ten and two out of a four - check cadence, similar to a metronome. The four-tally musicality, obviously, is us eful. The one tally takes the line, pioneer, and take off the water; the two tally hurls them apparently straight into the sky; the three tally was my dad's method of saying that at the top the pioneer and fly must be given a little beat of time to get behind the line as it is beginning forward; the four tally implies put on the force and toss the line into the pole until you arrive at ten o'clock-then registration, let the fly and pioneer stretch out beyond the line, and coast to a delicate and immaculate landing (Mclean 4). Paul, then again, was less constrained by their dad. Accordingly he had the option to build up his own style of throwing. This new strategy wherein he named ?shadow throwing? had the option to attract the fish to the surface utilizing just the shadow of the fly. ?...That the fish are cautioned by the shadows of flies disregarding the water by the main throws, so hit the fly the second it contacts the water (Mclean 21).? In addition to other things, Paul was add itionally grew up with a touch of betting and savoring streak him. Paul's propensities didn't simply exist in the book, these qualities of Paul were persisted from Norman's genuine encounters with his sibling. ?...Paul lived generally by sense and bluster, learning at an early stage to bet, drink and battle (Eastman 54).? Paul's tendancies of to get into the high stakes poker games without an unmistakable head and afterward attempt to battle out of obligation was what in the end prompts his death; both, in actuality, and in A River Runs Through it. Despite the fact that the documentation of Norman Mclean's life is fundamentally the same as his reality, there are some inconspicuous contrasts that exist. In the wide screen variant of A River Runs Through It, coordinated by Robert Redford, the center piece of the film is taken up with Norman's seeking of Jessie, his genuine spouse. This is unique in relation to the book in light of the fact that as the book advances, Norman is as of no w wedded to Jessie. One other distinction between the film and the creator's genuine is a little scene wherein the Mclean young men ?get? a paddle boat and run the rapids of a close by waterway. Albeit untold in the story these parts are a piece of the

Gender Schema Theory and Roles in Culture

Gender Schema Theory and Roles in Culture Theories Print Gender Schema Theory and Roles in Culture By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on March 14, 2019 Jrgen Moers / EyeEm / Getty Images More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand Cultural Influences Consequences of Nonconformity Gender Categories Rationale and Criticism Bem’s Sex-Role Inventory View All Back To Top Gender schema theory was introduced by psychologist Sandra Bern in 1981 and asserted that children learn about male and female roles from the culture in which they live. According to the theory, children adjust their behavior to align with the gender norms of their culture from the earliest stages of social development. Bem’s theory was influenced by the cognitive revolution of the 1960s and 1970s as well as her desire to remedy what she believed to be shortcomings in the psychoanalytic and social learning theories of the time. Freudian theories, she suggested, were too focused on the influence of anatomy on gender development. Instead, Bern proposed that a child’s cognitive development combined with societal influences largely influence the patterns of thought (schema) that dictate male and female traits. Cultural Influences on Gender Schema Gender schemas have an impact not only on how people process information but on the attitudes and beliefs that direct gender-appropriate behavior. For example, a child who lives in a very traditional culture might believe that a woman’s role is in the caring and raising of children, while a man’s role is in work and industry. Through these observations, children form schema related to what men and women can and cannot to. It also dictates a persons value and potential in that culture. For example, a girl raised in a traditional culture might believe that the only path available to her as a woman is to get married and raise kids. By contrast, a girl raised in a more progressive culture might pursue a career, avoid having children, or decide not to get married. Many of these influences are overt, while others are more subtle. For instance, even the placement of gender titles in vocabulary (how men and women are meant to behave) inherently places women in a secondary position by rule. All of these influences add up to how gender schema is formed. Consequences of Nonconformity Within this construct, men and women are tacitly aware of the consequences of not adhering to the cultural norm. A woman who decides to pursue a career, for example, might be considered uppity in traditional culture or be considered unfair or disrespectful to her husband if she doesnt take his last name. On the flip side, even in more progressive societies, men may be subject to disapproval for being the stay-at-home parent, while a woman may be described as old-fashioned or backward if she adheres to a more traditional housewife role. When subjected to societal disapproval, people will often feel pressured to alter their behavior or face rejection by those who disapprove of them. Gender Categories According to Berns theory, people fall into one of four different gender categories: Sex-typed individuals are those who identify with their gender and process information through the lens of that gender schema.Cross-typed individuals process information through the lens of the opposite gender.Androgynous individuals exhibit both masculine and feminine thinking.Undifferentiated individuals do not show consistent use of sex-typed processing. Rationale and Criticism In her writings, Bem believed that gender schemas were limiting for men, women, and society as a whole. Raising children free from these stereotypes and limitations, she believed, would lead to greater freedom and fewer restrictions of free will. Critics of Bems theory say that she portrayed individuals simply as passive bystanders in the development of gender schemas and ignored the complex forces that contribute to the construction of gender. Bem’s Sex-Role Inventory In addition to the gender schema theory, Bem created a questionnaire known as the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BRSI). The inventory consists of 60 different words that are either masculine, feminine, or gender-neutral. When taking the test, respondents are asked to rate how strongly they identify with each characteristic. Rather than simply categorize people as masculine or feminine, the inventory presents both traits as part of a continuum. Individuals can rank high on one gender or low on another (sex-typed) or, alternately, rank high on both masculine and feminine traits (androgynous). The BSRI was first developed in 1974 and has since become one of the most widely used psychological assessment tools in the world.

The Affect of the Internet on Jordans Economy - 1714 Words

1. INTRODUCTION The phenomenal growth of the internet since the mid- 1990s is an unprecedented event in the history of information and communications technology (Chircu et al, 2000). The internet has already fundamentally changed the way many organizations think about and perform their work. The last few years have shown us the revolution of e-commerce in all over the world; so many organizations take this opportunity in our dynamic environment and adapt themselves in order to take the benefits of this new business model. To improve profits and achieve strategic sustainability in a rapidly changing competitive environment, many Websites have been repackaging themselves by targeting new markets, expanding into the offline world, forming alliances, licensing software, and adjusting their core offering to focus on the most profitable products and customers (Chircu et al, 2000). It’s also important to recognize that ecommerce applications are business in itself rather than only supporting it. E-c ommerce is defined as â€Å"the exchange of money, information, services, and products between economic entities over the internet, networks, and other digital technologies† (laudon laudon, 2004). E-commerce involves any business transaction executed electronically between parties such as companies â€Å"B2B† business-tobusiness, companies and consumer â€Å"B2C† (business-to-consumer), participant individuals with one serving as a buyer and the other as a seller â€Å"C2C† (consumer-toconsumer),Show MoreRelatedPerfect Competition : A Market Structure1942 Words   |  8 Pagesare many cable companies so Comcast on a mission to create a monopoly again. Comcast and Time Warner are two major internet service providers (ISP’s) who are used to getting there way and want to merge to form a monopoly (Copps, 2015). However, so far there has been 800,000 citizens who are fighting to make sure that the merger does not happen because if it does the price of internet service could sky rocket. In my city I see perfect competition the most especially when it comes to gas station. EverywhereRead MoreJordan Kuwait Bank: Strategic Analysis and Positioning2989 Words   |  12 Pagesglobal economic crisis-that presented these challenges. It was argued that economies, such as Jordan which are relatively smaller players in the Global arena would not suffer the adverse effect of the crisis. In fact Jordan and Lebanon were the main Middle East countries expected not to suffer from the adverse effect of the crisis. On the contrary, they were expected to benefit based on the fact they are consuming economies. 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Recommended Ideas: Discussing the success and failure of companies adopting the different marketing management philosophies helps students realize how many business decisions are actually marketing decisions and how these decisions affect the overall business operation. Examples: Successful examples: Four Seasons, Accor, McDonald’s. See â€Å"marketing concept†. Failure example: Swiss Alps and Train crews in New Zealand. See â€Å"manufacturing concept†. Victoria Station. See â€Å"product concept†Read MoreAdidas Marketing Plan20768 Words   |  84 Pages†©which†©requires†©it†©to†©partially†©change†©its†©focus†©in†©order†©to†©seek†©out†©less†©established†© markets†©of†©consumers†©that†©have†©a†©huge†©potential†©for†©future†©growth,†©profits†©and†©customer†© loyalty.†©Adidas†©is†©also†©facing†©issues†©with†©the†©communication†©between†©its†©customers†©and†©the†© company,†©and†©how†©that†©affects†©sales†©volumes.†©If†©Adidas†©continues†©on†©its†©current†©path†©it†©will†© likely†©continue†©to†©survive†©in†©its†©market,†©but†©it†©will†©also†©continue†©to†©be†©wholly†©dominated†©by†© Nike.†©However,†©by†©making†©some†©key†©changes†©in†©its†©approach†©to†©its†©current†©situation,†©Adidas†©Read MoreAdidas Marketing Plan20779 Words   |  84 Pages†©which†©requires†©it†©to†©partially†©change†©its†©focus†©in†©order†©to†©seek†©out†©less†©established†© markets†©of†©consumers†©that†©have†©a†©huge†©potential†©for†©future†©growth,†©profits†©and†©customer†© loyalty.†©Adidas†©is†©also†©facing†©issues†©with†©the†©communication†©between†©its†©customers†©a nd†©the†© company,†©and†©how†©that†©affects†©sales†©volumes.†©If†©Adidas†©continues†©on†©its†©current†©path†©it†©will†© likely†©continue†©to†©survive†©in†©its†©market,†©but†©it†©will†©also†©continue†©to†©be†©wholly†©dominated†©by†© Nike.†©However,†©by†©making†©some†©key†©changes†©in†©its†©approach†©to†©its†©current†©situation,†©Adidas†©Read More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 Pagestook several courses in public policy and international relations that enabled me to frame my business education in a global context and to understand the ways in which 55 65 Successful Harvard BusinessSchool Application Essays economic policy affects societal welfare. Through courses such as Globalization and Human Rights, which examined how multina... tional corporations impact developing countries, I learned that business can indeed be the language of humanity. Myexperiences during a semester

The Reflection Of A Story - 993 Words

Over the time of taking this class, I have learned what my aesthetics are. The greatest thing I like in a story is clarity. If I have to reread stories over and over and research what certain words mean, it becomes unpleasant. Other things I look for are a resolution and for the story to pull me into it. It is also a plus when the story sends a message to the reader. I did learn that the stories without a clear resolution can be pretty fun to discuss as a class to see how others thought. That is the only time that I like to read stories with a blurry resolution. Alone, I just debate with myself and it is more difficult for me to resolve. I have read many stories that are aesthetically pleasing throughout this class. â€Å"Emergency† was a good†¦show more content†¦It was written with clarity so there would be no thoughts in asking yourself any questions. â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† would be a story I would recommend to read. Long, but well worth it. The narrato r was the older brother and he had a younger brother that ended up going in the wrong direction in life. The narrator would remember back to before his mother passed, her saying to keep watch over him. He felt the need at times, but sometimes he would be consumed in his own life. When he found out that his little brother wanted to be a musician he was not pleased. He later on wanted to see what it was about and went watch him perform. After he performed once, the narrator realized why he plays the music he does and why he lives his life in a different way. The brother then orders him a drink to be placed on the piano as a sign of acceptance. â€Å"He sipped from it and looked toward me, and nodded† (Baldwin 21). It was a heartwarming story. It was told in first person and it made me feel as if I were really there. There was such clear descriptive context to this story. There was a couple of stories that were not so aesthetically pleasing to me also. One being â€Å"Inscape.à ¢â‚¬  This story is about a woman that has dementia that thinks she is supposed to write past revelations in the bible. She would write on the wall with her feces, food, and the worst, she killed her dog to use his blood to write. Her daughter then takes her into her home to care for her. In the end she wants to know whatShow MoreRelatedStory Reflection941 Words   |  4 PagesHow can you determine if a story is good? Every story has good qualities; but, the lesson the story teaches, the authors influence on the reader and the ending determine whether the audience will be satisfied. I believe that the end of every story should have a lesson, a lesson that stays with the reader forever. Lets say a stranger confronts a child and offers him a candy, but the child declines it, Little Red Riding Hood has been read to him and he has accepted that the only way to avoid beingRead MoreReflection On The Childrens Story858 Words   |  4 PagesChildren’s Story: Reflective Paper â€Å"The Children’s Story came into being that day. It was then that I really realized how vulnerable my child’s mind was – any mind, for that matter – under controlled circumstances†. In this quote, explaining why he decided to write his children’s story, James Clavell speaks to how capable someone with the resemblance of authority has the power to radically alter peoples’ perceptions of their own reality. His story, while advertised as a children’s story, has quiteRead MoreReflection Of A Short Story900 Words   |  4 Pageswriting short stories because the activity allows me to express my creativity and speak my mind. However, I often have trouble finishing compositions, and my English professors will often tell me I need to improve my work. Recently, I wrote a short story titled â€Å"Unexpected† for a fiction-writing class and made countless changes to the tale based on several guidelines. The revisions to â€Å"U nexpected† have benefited my story, but I could have done more to improve it. My original story served as an impromptuRead MoreMethamphetamine A Love Story Reflection1671 Words   |  7 PagesMethamphetamine: A Love Story Reflection and Analysis SUMMARY Methamphetamine: A Love Story is a book documenting the lives of various people who were immersed in the culture of using, selling, and manufacturing methamphetamine. Through interviews with over 30 individuals, Rashi Shukla brings to light the drastic effects that manifested when this drug took over their lives. Shukla aims to â€Å"illuminate this dark world,† (Shukla 2016, p. 11), and to provide insight as to why methamphetamine becomesRead MoreReflection Of The Story In Sonnys Blues769 Words   |  4 Pages So far the stories for this class have surprisingly been pretty good. I was never a big reader, so when I was required to read something for school, I normally dreaded it. After reading the first story, â€Å"Story of an hour† I was pretty confused, but after reading it again, I soon understood it. I liked this one because of all the details that was included in the story. It was definitely an emotional story that kept surprising me. First we hear about the dea th of her husband and her reaction was toRead MorePersonal Story Reflection : Personal Stories, Shared Healing1291 Words   |  6 Pages Personal Journey Cheryl Bovard Shared Stories, Shared Healing â€Å"The healing is in the telling of the story.† ~Nan Van Den Bergh, PALS Mentor It was just another Tuesday night. Cheryl Bovard was getting ready for bed when her hand brushed against her breast and she noticed a lump. â€Å"That’s not right,† she said to her husband, Mark. A mammogram seven months earlier hadn’t found any areas of concern and Cheryl wasn’t looking for anything unusual. But based on an experience from over a decade in theRead MoreReflection of Short Story Mercy Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesHunter Hendricks Mercy Essay Professor Malloy 17 October 2012 Steel-Toeless In Pinckney Benedict’s 2008 short story â€Å"Mercy,† the narrator and his father both take pride in their family’s ranch. The narrator works hard for his father each day, taking breaks only to sneak treats to the miniature horses being kept on the neighbor’s ranch nearby. The narrator’s father; however, does not show the same compassion for the animals as his son. He is adamant about keeping the horses offRead MoreReflection Essay : What Is The Story Of My Writing787 Words   |  4 PagesWriting is fundamental in an individual’s life. You use writing everyday and there is no avoiding that. Throughout your life you may learn to write, and as your life goes on that skill may be strengthened. This is the story of my writing. As a child, I never really liked to write; however, it was something that had to be done - for school of course. Lately, I have been striving to strengthen my writing skills. In doing so, I often attempt to write as though I am a literary scholar. Although I haveRead More Mrs. Mallards Reflections on Life in Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† 725 Words   |  3 PagesAnyone who receives notice of a loved ones death is never expected to take it lightly. In Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† Mrs. Mallard is informed of her husbands â€Å"death† as gently as possible, and immediately she understands the enormous significance this loss will have on her life. Unlike many widow’s, her feelings of utter devastation do not last. Mrs. Mallard’s sobs of loss turn to cries of joy after she reflects upon her own character and discovers truths about her marriage. As any womanRead MoreSocial Relationships Of A Teacher s Environment942 Words   |  4 PagesAdditionally, secret stories have the ability to generate change in mandates by showing a better way to do things, thus creating change in cover stories as mandate compliance changes. This situation displays the positive use of teacher stories as they are used to change top down mandates and initiatives. Teacher stories are often told through narratives. Narratives establish meaning to the teacher story and provide answers about teacher identity. The use of narratives also serves as a conduit

Children’s Health Fund Free Essays

CHF began as an idea and then evolved into a large program. Dr. Redlener wanted to be part of the healthcare solution, not contributing to the problem. We will write a custom essay sample on Children’s Health Fund or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Brown, DeHayes, Hoffer, Martin and Perkins, 2012). Delivering medical care to rural areas, working earthquake relief and other noteworthy deeds made Dr. Redlener realize that with some support he could help the under privileged. (Brown, et. al, 2012). After reading the case study, I realized that mobile medical clinics will always be needed. I have worked Hurricane cleanup and know that mobile food trucks, mobile Laundromats, showers and medical care is needed immediately. Mobile medical units would give volunteers the equipment needed to treat people in need during natural disasters and to the under privilaged. At the same time mobile medical clinics could be used to assist in the growing AIDS epidemic, early detection of breast cancer, teen pregnancy, drug addiction, and assist in the number one health problem in the United States, obesity. Challenges facing CHF is how to provide expert medical care to under privileged individuals living in rural areas, homeless shelters, and poverty stricken areas. These challenges include continuation of funding, access to accurate patient medical records, limitations in telecommunications networks and medical databases, and healthcare providers. So what is the solution to getting expert medical care to the under privileged? More mobile medical clinics and stationary clinics located within the needed areas? However, then we encounter the issue of cost. I see the solution as having medical students serve part of their residency or their training by assisting in the mobile medical clinics. If this was part of their training, then CHF cut their budget by not having to pay for all the provider services. An advantage is free labor, but a disadvantage is they are not fully trained, which could be detrimental to the cause. Retired doctors and nurses who want to work a few days a week would be a great asset while letting them keep up their skills. The risks that I see with either of these solutions is that the interns have not completed their training and the older group may not be as techno savvy as they need to complete the tasks. Allocations from the government would help with some of the financial aspects. The rest would have to come from private donations. However, the implementation of state and federal legislation will bring medical coverage to an additional 30 million uninsured Americans. I don’t believe that private donations and federal and state funding will cover all the under privileged we currently have and then to add an additional 30 million will only add to the burden of funding. Our government is cutting the budget currently, so any money from state or federal funding may not last for long. The Affordable Care Act is changing the way health care is paid. Hospitals will have to embrace innovation to cut costs and deliver quality medical care. Hospitals, clinics, and doctors need to work together with the public to advocate needed changes in respect to reimbursements and privacy issues. I believe that the new HITECH regulations will provide the accurate patient files that are needed to provide the best care possible. Innovations in technology will soon solve the problems with limitations in telecommunications networks. Embracing new technology will allow providers access to patient records and accurate accounting of current treatments. Taking the time to learn all this new technology may be challenging at first but will reward both providers and patients as time passes. Currently the government has been granting hospitals and clinics millions of dollars to upgrade existing medical technology and IT programs. A central database will reduce duplication of patient’s records, treatments, billing and other medical services. Security is the biggest disadvantage that has Americans worrying about who will be allowed to see their medical history. I don’t feel this is any more insecure than banking online or purchasing merchandise. Databases from the federal government to credit card companies have been hacked. We just have to believe that our information will be safeguarded. Are there newer more affordable network communications solutions that should be tried? Cloud computing, social networks and big data analytics are innovations that can help network communications now by lowering cost, improving outcomes and increasing access to medical care. (mHealth, 2012). Watch any commercial and you will see that technology innovations are growing by leaps and bounds. No sooner do you purchase a Smartphone or computer when something ewer comes out. Medical residents who use new technology, such as tablets are more efficient, they save about an hour a day and treatments and prescriptions are ordered earlier. (Hyek, n. d. ). The use of mobile devices to access medical records, check real-time vital signs or test results translates into direct improvement in treatment and outcomes. (mHealth, 2012). The invention and innov ation of faster, cheaper, portable, and more powerful computers make it an affordable solution to communications. Physicians on call can receive images and start the treatment before they arrive at the hospital. The time saved using portable devices will make hospital staffs more efficient, treatment quicker, and save lives. CHF should upgrade their systems with portable devices that are smaller, faster and works in remote areas. Will the federal government’s HITECH stimulus funds and Meaningful Use standards lead to better software integration solutions? Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Ace (HITECH) is a government program established to advance the use of health information technology to save lives and reduce costs. (Blumenthal, 2010). The HITECH stimulus will definitely lead to better software. Incentive bonuses are being provided to providers who meet the â€Å"meaningful use† of electronic health records (EHR) adoption. (Blumenthal, 2010). Medical practices of the future will have to use EHR to stay in practice. Providers currently have their own systems of electronic health records but they are not connected to other providers, clinics or hospitals. As a military Soldier our medical history is linked. We still hand carry our medical records from duty station to duty station, but the system will allow my current doctor to see tests and reports from my last duty assignment. The problem is that if I’m sent to a civilian medical facility for additional tests, it is not entered into our system and I have to request paper copies of the documents. It will take some time but I do believe that HITECH will eventually evolve into a nationwide program that will link all patient data. This will ensure that patients are no longer over medicated or jumping from doctor to doctor to get their next fix of prescription drugs. A National Health Information Network (NHIN) is being developed to facilitate the exchange of health information among EHRs. HITECH is a complex health information system for the 21st-century but will continue to evolve as it is implemented, but will require the support and patience of providers and patients to be successful. (Blumenthal, 2010). â€Å"The HITECH Act’s programs strive to create an electronic circulatory system for health information that nourishes the practice of medicine, research, and public health, making health care professionals better at what they do and the American people healthier. † (Blumenthal, 2010, para 17). Will the increase in software adoptions at physician offices make it more difficult for him to retain his staff? I believe that the increase of software adoptions will make it difficult for doctors to retain their staff. The military has become much computerized, what use to take several clerks to handle can now be completed by one clerk. Yes, we got rid of some clerks but had to train Soldiers in information technology to resolve issues and problems. Providers will need less staff to schedule, change or cancel appointments, but will need to hire employees proficient in computers. Each employee will experience different views on implementing new technology. . (Rivers, Blake, Lindgren n. d. ). Some will welcome the changes as a way to acquire additional knowledge, while others may see this as an intrusion into their routine. (Rivers, et. al, n. d. ). Providers will be able to electronically transmit prescriptions from their desk to the pharmacy. Technology can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of patient care. Wireless headsets allow nurses to answer phones no matter where they are. My dad is receiving in home health care and they bring a laptop to chart his progress, once back at their office, they send the chart to the doctor, which is saving valuable time. Providers use technology daily in the form of personal data assistants (PDAs), tablets, and Smartphone’s. (Rivers, et. al, n. d. ). These devices eradicate duplicate charting, test for drug interactions, compute dosages, schedule procedures, order medicine and computerize other clinical duties, therefore reducing the possibility of errors and increasing patient wellbeing. Rivers, et. al, n. d. ). What combination of conditions could emerge that render the mobile medical clinic model obsolete? The biggest thing that could render mobile medical clinics obsolete is the use of mobile networks to enhance healthcare (mHealth). Help from technology megatrends, such as social networking, cloud computing and big data analytics will transform global health care. (mHealth, 2012). â€Å"The evolving mHealth vis ion is patient-centric but with information services and data analytics at its core. † (mHealth, 2012, P. 7, para 2). Mobile phone applications will have the ability to collect, store, analyze and upload environmental and personal data to healthcare providers to assist in illness prevention and treatment. (FREng, Sherrington, Dicks, Gray, and Chang, 2011). mHealth would allow patients to be monitored from home to avoid hospital or residential stays which might lower health costs. (FREng, et. al, 2011). The increased awareness and attention to prevention, education, and wellness will produce patients with fewer medical issues and knowledge of their medical history. Mobile networks are continually upgrading their data capacity which includes high-resolution images, video and large file exchanges. (FREng, et. al, 2011). We use our smart phones for banking, trading stocks, finding the cheapest gas, and now we want to make doctor appointments, pay the doctors bill and access our medical records. In 2011, over 44 million health-related medical applications were downloaded. (Hyek, 2012. ). Smart mobility is now enabling patients to control our electronic medical records while incorporating wellness and fitness applications into our lifestyle. (mHealth, 2012). How to cite Children’s Health Fund, Papers

Importance of Training Strategy For Entrepreneurs Case Study

Question: Describe about the Case Study of Importance Of Training Strategy For Entrepreneurs? Answer: Introduction This report discusses about a small part of the subject management of human capital and entrepreneurship. Accordion to Cohan (2012), Aspiring entrepreneurship should look out for big companies in which to train by following the hungry startup strategy of big companies as start up training grounds? In this statement, author clearly wants to say that aspiring or start up entrepreneurs should follow the strategy named hungry startup strategy which is used by the big or large scale organizations to train the employees or learn new things. Hungry startup strategy has basically six steps that help in learning or training of the employees. These steps are setting goals for the training, picking up the market, raising capital, building a smart and able team for the organization, Gaining the share and adapting the change. All the factors described in the hungry startup strategy are very much helpful for any organization to give a potential start to the organization. Before going to start any work or organization, it is very necessary to set its goal and objective. The purpose of the organization helps in picking proper direction for the organization. After setting the goals, organization needs to decide its target market and should try to pick the target market effectively. For an entrepreneur, raising fund is a big challenge and it is very much necessary also because without proper fund, it is very tough to perform any type of business. Without a proper and efficient team, it is very tough to perform any type of business, thus an entrepreneur need to have the skills to build and efficient team for its organization. Share dividing requires lots of financial formulas to make fair decision and change is the nature of world, hence, being with the fast changing technology is very necessary to be with the competitive market (Sarri, Bakouros Petridar, 2010). All the above factors are of lot of importance for an organization. So, an entrepreneur needs a proper training for all these. Thus, it is very necessary for the entrepreneurs to make a proper training strategy for its organization. Literature Review Critical Analysis Hungary Start up strategy Figure: Hungry Start up Strategy (Nafziger, 2009) There are six steps of Hungary start up strategy Set Goals There are three different kinds of goals to be set. The first goal is to communicate why originators are fanatical about the venture. The second goal is, Ultimate outcome of the venture is described by the long term goal. The third goal is, short term goal that spur to make a series of experiments that are used to find a business model that eventually leads them to get the second goal which is long-term goal. For example - Dickie and Watt started BrewDog. They thought that the goal should be designed to put the company on higher level by some easy method. So, they made a sequence of goals to make their work easy. These goals are- Goal 1. They resigned from their corporate jobs because they found something to do after resigning their job. Goal 2. They decided that crafting beer is a perfect thing for them to do, they created some buzz. Goal 3. After creating there buzz, they had to find distributers in their country. Goal 4. The most challenging goal is to convince a bank for loan so that they can make facility to satisfy the customers. Pick market Start-up CEOs chose a very personal way to pick market. They picked market on their opportunities and on their own experience. The thinking of CEOs is that they are exclusively qualified to capture. The size of the market is estimated only by the company founders when seeking outside capital (Jusoh, Ziyae, Ashimirah Kadar, 2011). For example, the cofounders of BrewDog liked drinking and making craft beer, so they decided to pick the craft beer market. They really wanted to sell it. They knew that it was too hard but they did not give up. They sent their sample products in Sweden to a beer blogger who loved their product. Raise capital The availability or lack of capital, thereof, forces the directors to approach raising of capital differently for each and prepare their short term adjective like a series of experiments of frugal nature. BrewDog used a different way to cobble its capital. By its initial operation, it got loan from a bank and it started selling its shares of stock to their customers, this program is called Equity for Punks. It pays for raw materials like bottles, malts and hops to its suppliers. It launched a new technique for speeding the payments from customers, which is, it gives 3% discount to the distributers who pay payment within 10 days (Gravan OCinneide, 2004). Built the team A top team can be attracted by a new CEO even after payment of less salary to team members with the enough compelling mission. The members who should be fired and promoted, decisions about who should be hired, and how they should act, is driven by the passion underlying. The BrewDogs value affects the gained market share. To make an anti-corporate bias, and a high quality craft, beer are needed to be made by passionate devotion. This also influences people who are hired by the BrewDog. The work environment of BrewDog demands very long hours which is called anti-corporate. Gain share A QVL is provided to customers to share the start-up achievements with customers, here QVL means Quantum Value Leap. In this, a twist is combined with Porters generic strategy. A freemium strategy is an extreme example of QVL. In freemium strategy, products basic version is free for customers and the new version of product will be charged by customers. It is provided into that place in which the product is in demand. Humorous and clever videos are produced by the BrewDog to advertise their products. These videos attract the people by viral growth. In the United Kingdom, one page magazine advertisement, which comes at an expense of around $8000, reaches to a few potential consumers. Besides this, the company also created a YouTube style video for $2400. By this, BrewDog reaches to 250,000 people around many countries. Adapt to change To identify the critical listening posts in competitive environment, the developments of boundary less companies helps the start-ups. The critical few signals of key threats and opportunities are filtered to out the noise. These are such opportunities and key threats which they cant be ignored (NAfziger, 2009). BrewDog wants to expand its business to more countries. Everywhere is competition, wherever they want to go. But the company is very passionate towards its work and it believes that its customers and founders are very much attracted towards their craft beers. Importance of training for Entrepreneur There are three components to make boundary for entrepreneurship. These are described below: Personal development Strengthen, motivate, progress and confidence can be developed by entrepreneurship training in a large organization. Business development To increase the self-employment skills, financial literacy and technical can be included in entrepreneurship in a person. It will be helpful for the person to develop their own business. Entrepreneurship skill development Training for creative problem solving, how they affect business, local cultural norms, dealing with bureaucracy, group leadership, presentation. Interviewing, selling, opportunities seeking, social skills networking can be provided into the entrepreneurship training. Entrepreneurial training needs to focus on literature as much as on personal development. Literature is important for blended learning experience. The best tools of skills and business knowledge are combined in blended learning experience. Training events give approaches to blended learning experience. The media plays an important rule for entrepreneurship. Careful thoughts are needed for social acceptance and awareness of entrepreneurship. Radio and television deliver positive information about enterprise and entrepreneurship. It helps to overcome from negativity that exists in the society about entrepreneurship. Some NGOs and mass media also help to overcome from negativity that exists in society (St-Jean Audet, 2012). The role of entrepreneurship finance, entrepreneurship trainings, banking rules, managing civic administration and regulations needed to be covered by some NGOs, business development agencies, civic organizations, and educational institutions. The content of emotional feelings of entrepreneurship needed to be understood by them. Entrepreneurship training needs motivation to motivate a person for business development. Entrepreneurship finance, entrepreneurship education, banking rules, managing civic administration, regulations, and fair play are needed to be discussed at the supply side. These factors must be based on the sole goal of entrepreneurship. At the supply side, a person needs a role model to understand the importance and value of entrepreneurship. By a role model, a person can see the effect of entrepreneurship. For a long term and sustained funding, it is needed to be committed by the government. This is helpful for those people, who have the talent but not enough money so that they can start their business. Self employment can be supported by government. The review of legislation is needed by the government too. Legislation means that, which holds back the entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship can be flourished by an ecosystem which is developed by a network. This network is made by well established entrepreneurs, multinational companies, and stakeholders. Web based resources are created by multilateral Organizations like UN. Institutions, trainers and educators can develop their curricula, to make sure that it is dynamic, fresh, relevant and cutting edge. Television must not be ignored as it has a major reach across society and can be influential in transmitting ideas and raising aspirations. The most important thing that can transmit ideas and raise aspirations around the world influentially is television. Television cant be ignored because it plays a very important role to make people aware about the entrepreneurship. Some small organizations give vast majority to those working people who are self employed. These small organizations financially help them for their businesses so that they can achieve higher level in their business. They help those people according to their education and recent income. By income and education they decide how much amount of money will be suitable for the specific person (Kim, Yoon Kim, 2014). Conclusion With the increasing competition in the market, the need of training of the employees has also become necessary for each type of organization. Big organizations mainly use the Hungry Startup strategy which is properly explained in the above report. This strategy provides a basis for training strategy of the organization. Entrepreneurs may also use this strategy to make a good strategy for the organization. In todays technological world, the training of employees has become very necessary, a single time training is not enough for the organization. For updating with the current market and technology, a timely training helps a lot. The overall training includes basically three types of purposes: personal development, business development and entrepreneurship skill development. Personal development includes the development of personal skills like communication, leadership, stress management, balancing between work and personal life and various others which help entrepreneur in remaining enthusiastic and energetic towards work. Business development includes the training related to the proper management of business. Various types of skills are required to manage a business properly and effectively. The huge preponderance of the working populace in the world are freelance or working in small companies, but as yet their profits level are not enough to raise people above the grinding scarcity and strike the targets set under Millennium growth objectives. While political and economic reformations plays a vital role in setting the picture, populace require the mindset, skill and knowledge to take benefit of opportunities. It is supposed that this involvement can assist in making a difference in this pitch. References Sarri, K. K., Bakouros, I. L., Petridou, E. (2010). Entrepreneur training for creativity and innovation.Journal of European Industrial Training,34(3), p.270-288. Jusoh, R., Ziyae, B., Asimiran, S., Kadir, S. A. (2011). Entrepreneur training needs analysis: implications on the entrepreneurial skills needed for successful entrepreneurs.International Business Economics Research Journal (IBER),10(1). Garavan, T. N., O'Cinneide, B. (2004). Entrepreneurship education and training programmes: A review and evaluation-Part 1.Journal of European industrial training,18(8), p. 3-12. Nafziger, E. W. (2009). The effect of the Nigerian extended family on entrepreneurial activity.Economic Development and Cultural Change, p.25-33. St-Jean, E., Audet, J. (2012). The role of mentoring in the learning development of the novice entrepreneur.International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal,8(1), p.119-140. Kim, Y. D., Yoon, S., Kim, H. G. (2014). An economic perspective and policy implication for social enterprise.American Journal of Applied Sciences,11(3), p.406.

A Contemplative Essay What Is Reality Essays - Ontology

A Contemplative Essay: What Is Reality? I believe we each perceive things differently, and the combination of all our perceptions creates how we view the world, creates our reality. Im not going to pretend to know what reality is, but I know what I think it is, and what I think it should be. Reality should be what each and every one of us wants it to be. There should be no duplicate realities, just like there are no two snowflakes the same. What my reality is should never be the same as what your reality is. For each person has different, albeit special, beliefs. And these beliefs should be what, over the years, shape our reality to what it is. Not what somebody else says is going on, not what everyone else is doing, but what our heart says is real. It should not make a difference in my reality that some guy is running down the street naked. For that one man running down the street will never be able to do anything good for me, or bad against me. Even if a car hits that man my life should not change in anyway. What is in my heart is there, has always been there, and will always be there to hold my reality steadfast. Now I know we have all heard this in advice about the opposite sex over and over again, but for each and every one of us to live our true reality we have to be who we are and act like ourselves every minute of everyday. For to each and every one of us we are what is real and everyone else around us is fake. For us not to do something that we want or for us not to say something that we want to say is taking away from our reality. Every time we take away from our reality we take part of our special little contribution to this world away. Each one of us expects people to be real to them so why should we lie to others and not be real to them and ourselves. I see reality in this light because; I find it hard to believe that I have the same reality as the serial killer down the street. When he goes on television and says he killed all of those people because everyone was out to get him, that is his reality. His mind may have somewhat altered the perceptions that his reality is based upon, but it was based upon those perceptions nonetheless. Im sure the little old lady that he has buried under his rose garden was just minding her own business, possibly picking up his trash for him. In his reality, she was probably looking for dirt on him. In my reality, on the other hand, I might thank her and cut her grass. Also, in my opinion, our reality changes as we grow. When we are first born the trees and clouds outside are not part of our reality, because we havent even seen them yet. And, when Aunt Pete and Uncle Bob first come to visit, they will just be two loving relatives. The nature of the relationship will not even matter until knowledge on the subject edges into the mind. The transition from 6th to 7th grade was particularly hurtful to my reality. I wasnt the big guy in the school anymore. There were older people acting like I was when I was the King of the Hill, so to speak. When I got to my senior year it (my reality) took another course. All of a sudden, my classes werent so easy anymore, and I wasnt able to breeze through them like before. Teachers were preparing my fellow classmates and I for college, and they started grading a little tougher, as college professors would. My point being, reality is not something to be set up against a standard. It is totally abstract from every other reality around it. Life as we know it is nothing but our respective realities meshing together. Philosophy

The Art of Not Giving Up in Your Job Search

The Art of Not Giving Up in Your Job Search Reasons. We have so many of them. Reasons to do things, reasons not to do things. Reasons why something is possible, and reasons why it’s not. Reasons to spend money, and reasons not to spend money. Reasons to give up, and reasons to take action. Pretty much every decision we make is based on a reason of some sort or another. Sometimes reasons conflict with each other. For instance, when I look at discounted mocha brownies in the day-old bin at my food coop, my brain comes up with many reasons to buy (and eat) the brownies. They are on sale! They will taste so good! I deserve it! Yet on most days, I do not buy them, because my reasons for not eating them far outweigh my reasons for indulging. I feel better. I look better. Kale will serve me so much better in the long run. Who cares if it costs twice as much and takes five times as much work to prepare? Reasons at work in your job search If you are a job seeker, you probably have lots of reasons to explain why you chose to apply or not apply for a particular job; why someone will or won’t hire you; and even why you are or are not going to hire a resume writer. You can choose to take the easy road, perhaps your default action (buying the mocha brownies), or you can choose to do something a little more difficult that will serve your career in the long term (invest in the kale). Annabelle’s story Two weeks ago I got a call from a woman (I will call her Annabelle) who was referred to me for resume assistance. Annabelle had just found out about a position that was available at a national non-profit in Washington, D.C., and she believed she was perfect for the job. The problem: Through her connections, Annabelle had discovered that the hiring process was quickly coming to a close, interviews were done, and the organization was making a final decision on the person they wanted to hire. Annabelle had also been told by a friend at the organization, who also happens to be a friend of mine, that the language in her resume was confusing and that she should hire me to get it into shape. Not giving up Many people would have given up as soon as they heard the words, â€Å"We are too far along in the hiring process.† Others would have given up at the prospect of spending hundreds of dollars unexpectedly to overhaul their resume. Annabelle could have listened to all the multitude of reasons against applying for this position. But she listened to the reasons to give it a shot. After all, this was a job she wanted more than anything, and no one had actually confirmed that anyone been offered the job yet. Also, there would be more positions open in the future, so it couldn’t hurt to send in her resume. Annabelle jumped into action. She hired The Essay Expert for two hours at our RUSH rate, reformatted her resume on her own, and, despite having a family emergency intervene in the midst of the process, managed to submit her materials to the organization the next day. Was it worth it? The day after sending in her application, Annabelle got an email: the organization wanted to talk to her. She was put through an expedited interview process, and during one of the interviews she could hear one of the managers there going through her resume line by line. He was impressed. Annabelle moved forward with confidence, incredibly well-prepared for her interviews after having talked to me about every bullet on her resume. Yesterday I received a call from Annabelle, who told me with great excitement that she had received an offer last Monday for her dream job. A job, you will remember, that was not available until the hiring manager saw Annabelle’s resume. Annabelle’s job search, beginning to end, for a job at a national non-profit in Washington, D.C.:  4 days. Wow. Annabelle did have a leg up because she had met the hiring manager at a prior event; her network played a crucial role in opening up this opportunity, as it does for many job seekers. She also believes, and I agree, that â€Å"a network can only take you so far; the resume is the only way others can justify your consideration to those who might not know you; it’s your only real voice in the matter.† She continues (and I promise I did not write this), â€Å"No matter how well you think you fit the position, no matter how well you have your contacts lined up, if your resume does not accurately reflect your level of professionalism or capability, hiring managers will never see the true candidate that you are. Having an ill-prepared resume should be the last reason why you don’t go after or get considered for a job. There’s no reason you can’t have a great resume to represent yourself!† Where are you stopped? If you are a job seeker, where are you getting stopped? Are you letting reasons keep you from applying to jobs you are qualified for? Are you using a mediocre resume in applications for your dream job because you don’t want to hire someone to bring it up a level or two? Do you believe that you can find a job in 4 days or do you think such a thing is impossible? What reasons are you listening to? The ones that have you give up (the equivalent for me of eating mocha brownies) or the ones that will move you forward in your career? I encourage you to believe that you can turn impossibilities into possibilities if you put your mind to it. Please use Annabelle’s story as an inspiration. And if you have a voice in your head saying, â€Å"That could never happen to me,† don’t give up. There is always a different set of reasons you can listen to, if only you are willing.

Essay style Why has the European Union been particularly active in its

Style Why has the European Union been particularly active in its employment anti-discrimination measures Set out the ma - Essay Example The diverse nature of conflicts within the European requires some form of moderation in order to achieve a level playing ground that can effectively lead towards the attainment of the shared goals (Salama & Council of Europe 2011, p. 121). The EU membership comprises of countries that speak different languages, which imply different cultures and worldviews. Some of the countries have had some historical challenges that could threaten the harmonious coexistence within the Union. Concerns over the possible dominance of some countries over others and presumed imbalances in various aspects of life such as business, global influence, and resources have fueled concerns of prejudice, preferential treatment, and discrimination within the union. It is because of this that the EU endeavors to enhance its operations in ways that foster unity and balance among member countries. Discrimination is largely a factor of competitive advantage (European Commission, 2008, p. 65). Discrimination is most likely to occur in conditions where many nationalities come together towards the attainment of certain objectives. Internal competitions and power struggles will tend to surface in ways that make it problematic for countries to articulate their concerns more effectively. The constituent members within the Union seek the attainment of certain political goals, social goals, and economic goals. The reality of discrimination places a direct hurdle towards the attainment of these goals. Tendencies of cultural supremacy and fears of cultural inferiority have, in the past, slowed down the integration of the EU members. Some countries have expressed reservations that the current operational climate is skewed in favor of particular countries (Corry, 1996). Internal differences between Anglophone members of the EU and other countries have led to fears of discrimination, which are because some countries are likely to benefit from undue advantage over others. It is for this reason that the EU s ought to draft specific legislations that provide sufficient safeguards against the possibility of lapsing into acts of discrimination based on language, culture, or country of origin (Fella & Ruzza, 2012, p. 40). These specific safeguards are meant to assure the member countries of fairness in the treatment of their citizens and countries in terms of certain benefits that relate to the specific issues that connect with the mutual interests that connect with the union. Discrimination usually imposes structural and systematic obstacles to the victims (Kahn, 2008). It curves out a system that provides privileges to some people or groups while subjecting others under unfair treatments. On this score, the EU sought to prevent the possibility of discrimination, as a way of encouraging the full participation and impartial treatment of its member countries and the citizens of the same countries as they moved about within the region covered geographically by the union (Falkner, Treib, & Hol zleithner, 2008). Efforts to determine the real extent of EU’s power should be understood from the fact that the union embodies certain qualities and virtues that must be upheld for the sake of its sustenance. The realization of the projected ends of the union depends significantly on the manner in which the unions operate and the balance of power and relations between them. The handling of matters of discriminati

Overview of the campaign at the battle of King's Mountain 1780 Essay

Overview of the campaign at the battle of King's Mountain 1780 - Essay Example Ferguson sent a warning to the frontiersmen: if they did not â€Å"desist from their opposition to the British army, and take protection under his standard, he would  march his army over the mountains, hang their leaders, and lay their country waste with fire and sword†1. The patriots responded by gathering a force of about 1,400 militiamen, with no formal military training, belonging to ten counties. Under the command of Col. William Campbell,  of Washington County, Virginia, the Overmountain Men pursued Ferguson’s forces to King’s Mountain on the afternoon of 7 October. The patriots divided forces into four columns, encircled the mountain and attacked the defensive position of the Loyalist forces on the exposed, rocky ridge. Using their skill in sharpshooting and moving under cover, learned in the frontiers wars, the patriots overwhelmed Fergusons’s forces and decisively won the battle in a little over one hour of combat. Accepted figures give the casualties as 225 Loyalists killed, 163 wounded and 716 captured, while only 28 Patriots were killed, including Colonel James Williams, and 68 wounded.  The Battle of King’s Mountain was a turning point in the Revolutionary War. Cornwallis retreated from Charlotte, North Carolina and was forced on the defensive. The patriots gained time to recoup and went on to win the

History Of English Intonation English Language Essay

History Of English Intonation English Language Essay Many people think that pronunciation is what makes up an accent. It may be that pronunciation is very important for an understandable accent. But it is intonation that gives the final touch that makes an accent native. Intonation is the music of a language, and is perhaps the most important element of a good accent. Often we hear someone speaking with perfect grammar, and perfect formation of the sounds of English but with a little something that gives them away as not being nativespeaker.Therefore, it is necessary to realize that there is more than the correct pronunciation of the vowels and consonants of a language. This is very important and we do stress it in other articles. But it is only one of the three components to an accent, pronunciation, intonation, and linking. In other places we will examine the correct pronunciation of vowels and consonants, and linking, the way that syllables within a word, and the beginning and ending of words come together. Two useful abstractions: To understand how intonational transcription works, you must understand two different kinds of abstractions which the system relies on. The first is a phonetic abstraction, namely that there is something which we can call intonation, a well-defined set of linguistic phenomena all working together to determine the pitch pattern of an utterance. This abstraction is very useful because it is fairly easy to get a good measure of what listeners perceive as the pitch pattern. We can do this by extracting the fundamental frequency of the voiced parts of the utterance, a task which is computationally quite easy. We can then take the fundamental frequency pattern, and analyze it as the result of a set of linguistic categories with a number of specific purposes, and an algorithm which implements the categories as events in the pitch of the utterance. Two points to note here: 1) not all intonational categories have the same function; being an intonational category only means that the category has a specific and categorical effect on the pitch pattern. 2) these categories do not determine all aspects of the pitch pattern; variou s other non-linguistic differences, such as emotional state, degree of involvement in the speech, and individual differences such as ones due to sex, also affect aspects of the pitch pattern. The second is a functional abstraction. These intonational categories can be classified with respect to the two major types of prosodic functions. Prosody can be described as consisting of head mechanisms and edge mechanisms. Head mechanisms are those which act to pick out one piece of an utterance as different than its neighbors, while edge mechanisms indicate which items go with which by marking the edge of a larger grouping. Intonational categories in the English system similarly function either to pick out syllables which are more stressed than their neighbors, or to mark the final edge of a piece of an utterance which is to be interpreted as a group. Edge marking tones boundary tones and phrase tones. The intonational categories which you will likely find most intuitive are the ones which are used to mark edges. One reason for this, I believe, is that the English orthography actually writes some of these differences. For example, consider the following pair of sentences. 1) This is a test sentence. 2) This is a test sentence? If you convert these into speech (by reading them out loud), you will note a very salient difference in the pitch contour at the end. In 1) the pitch falls throughout the last word, often ending with a little bit of creaky voice, while in 2) the pitch rises throughout the last word, perhaps ending higher than anywhere else in the entire sentence. Such differences in pitch pattern reflect discourse-related differences such as is captured by the use of the question mark in 2). At a full stop, our system indicates the possibility of four different contours, the two which appear in likely renditions of 1) and 2), and two more, one which you will likely produce in the non-final members of a slowly rendered list, and one which you might produce when calling someone in for dinner. In the transcription system, you will see these represented in the following way (more or less). The fall in 1) is low throughout, and so is indicated as LL% (two lows with the % indicating the final boundary). The rise in 2) is high throughout, with a very brief rise to a super-high at the end, and so is indicated as HH% (two highs). The so-called list boundary starts low and rises slightly at the end, and so is indicated as LH%. The last one which appears in calling chants is basically high throughout, and differs from the HH% (question marker) in that it does not rise to a super high. Thus, since it is high to start with, it starts with a H, and since it is not as high as the super high at the end, it is relatively low, and so is indicated with a L%. This makes for a neat 4-way distinction as below, given with stereotypical examples of places where you might find them. (Note these are not the only places you will find them!) LL% Terminal fall statements. HH% High plateau with upped high at end covert questions. LH% Low plateau with little rise at end internal to lists. HL% High plateau with no rise to a super-high end of calling chants Head marking tones pitch accents. If you go back and reproduce the items in 1) and 2) again, and this time concentrate on the area aroundtest, you will very likely notice a large difference in pitch pattern in this region in addition to what is going on at the end. The wordtest is a critical portion of the utterance in most prosodic analyses of English, because it is the last item which bears some degree of stress, usually called tonic or sentence stress. I chose this sentence because the words test sentence form a compound, and one of the peculiarities of English compounds is that they are most stressed on the first half. Thus,test is the most stressed syllable in the last content word in the sentence. In stressed locations such as this, English speakers also implement tonal events. Such events are often called pitch accents,, pitch because they involve parts of the pitch pattern, and accents because they are involved in making a particular syllable more prominent. Stressing this syllable makes it stand out from its neighbors. Thus, the tonal events ontest are head-marking events. Here, like the boundary tones just discussed, there are tonal differences associated with different discourse conditions. In 1) you very likely will produce the stressed item with a high pitch somewhere on it, while in 2) you very likely will produce the stressed item with a relatively low pitch. Thus, the difference between vanilla statements and covert questions is not only in the presence of LL% boundary tones in one and in HH% boundary tones in the other, but also in the presence of a H accent in one, but a L accent in the other. Since there is a categorical difference in how you use pitch to stress the tonic item, you need to have a categorical difference between H* and L* accents. (The star here indicates that the tone is associated with the stressed syllable.) In addition to using relatively high and low pitch, there are more complicated rising and falling pitch accents which differ from the simple low and high accents in what they indicate. Our system captures these differences in the local use of pitch in the accent by combining Hs and Ls in various ways to get rises and falls. Thus, in addition to H* which indicates a generally high pitch around the stress and L* which indicates a generally low pitch around the stress, we can also have H+Ls (falling accents), and L+Hs (rising accents). To illustrate the difference between a simple H and a L+H, consider the following two conditions: 3)We will be having you read bunches of utterances for some obscure reason related to why anyone would be interested in linguistics. The first is a test sentence. Its just there for practice. 4)The first is not a real sentence, the first is a test sentence. In producing test sentence in 3), it is likely there will not be an appreciable rise in pitch, while in 4), where it explicitly contrasts with the precedingreal, it is likely that there will be an appreciable rise in pitch from the is a tot est. In fact, it is a general property of contrasting items that they get rendered with a relatively low pitch on the material preceding the stressed item and a sudden rise to a peak on the stressed syllable. If you read over 4) several times, emphasizing the contrast more and more each time, this rising pitch event associated witht est will become more and more apparent.. In 4) the rising accent is seen in the relationship in pitch between the items immediately preceding the stressed syllable and the pitch on the stressed syllable itself. However, there are other examples of rising pitch accents in which the low pitch predominates in the stressed syllable, and the high does not become realized until very late in the syllable or in the following s yllables. Pierrehumbert Hirschberg (1991) discuss fairly clear examples of this accent such as the following: 5) A: Alans such a klutz. B: Hes a good badminton player. Here the intended meaning of the second response is that B is not sure that playing badminton qualifies one as not being a klutz. In the intended rendition there is a low pitch onbad and a rising pitch on the immediately following syllable, and then another fall to a general low ending in LH% phrase tones. Another example they discuss is the following: 6) A: Did you take out the garbage? B: Sort of. A: Sort of!?! Here, the intended rendition of Sort of starts low inso rt and rises, and then falls and rises again at the end. The intended meaning is very much like that in 5), namely, B is not really sure what she did counts as taking out the garbage. As rendition ofsort of in the last line has exactly the same pattern as Bs, a rise throughsort followed by a fall and a rise at the end, though the rises and falls are more exaggerated. Whats important in each of these cases,badminton in 5), and both sort ofs in 6), is that the stressed syllable exhibits a distinctly low pitch and the rise which comes much later than the rise in 4). In order to annotate this difference, Pierrehumbert used the * to indicate which part of the contour is to be associated with the stressed syllable. Thus, the contour in 4) is annotated as a L+H*, since the H part appears on the stressed syllable, and the L part simply comes some time before it. By contrast, the contour in 5) and 6) is annotated as a L*+H, since the L part happens on the stressed syllable, and the H part appears some time thereafter. Pitch Range. : One final aspect of intonational modeling must also be mentioned, that is the notion of pitch range. As I noted above, the tone category sequences do not all by themselves determine the pitch contour for an utterance, but other non-linguistic (non- conventionalized) factors also affect the final realization of pitch. One approach to handling these less conventionalized effects, such as what may be due to emotional involvement, is to allow for modulation of the overall range of the pitch movements. The general approach used in most models is to specify a pitch window, which indicates the range of pitch to be used at any given time. The top of the window is where you find the Hs and the bottom of the window is where you find the Ls. This window can be affected by a number of different factors, which work in different ways. Some factors are global in that they typically affect a large portion of speech. Take, for instance, the effects of emotional involvement. When people get irate, the re is a strong likelihood that the both Hs and Ls will be higher, and that the difference between the Hs and Ls will be bigger. This larger and higher window will often affect entire sentences. You will also likely find such global shifts in window size if you examine how people do narratives which include parentheticals and quotations. Parentheticals often are rendered with a narrower window, while quotes often involve a larger window. Other factors which affect pitch range can be localized to one particular location in the utterance. The most commented upon is the effect of downstep (sometimes called catathesis). Downstep is a very regular lowering and narrowing of the pitch range which happens in the presence of the accents. In Pierrehumberts analysis, any tone which is composed of two tones (the rising L+H and falling H+L accents) also trigger downstep. You can easily imagine this effect in an emphatic rendition of the following sentence. 7)I dont want horses and dogs; I want sheep and cats. If you are contrasting horses with sheep and dogs with cats, you will very likely produce this sentence with L+H accents on all four items (probably L*+H onhorses anddogs, and L+H* onsheep andcat s). If you do so, you will also notice that the second item in each list,dogs andcat s, will both be lower in pitch than the first,horse s, andsheep. This conventionalized lowering is taken to be due to the downstepping effect of the complex rising accents. One can also see this conventionalized downstepping very clearly in phrases with multiple accents rendered in a finger-wagging lecturing style where the clear intent of the style is to indicate that you should know this by now. For example, 8) You just dont seem to get it. Insert tab A into slot B. Repeat it four times. In this situation, the rendition of the last two sentences, which we can assume have been rendered several times before in the extended discourse, will likely not exhibit huge rising or falling accents. Nevertheless, I have heard this sort sentence produced with clear downsteps between each accent. Due to sentences like these, one must conclude that the occurrence of downstep does not necessarily demand the obvious existence of rising or falling accents. In Pierrehumberts analysis, this is due to the H*+L tone category which is locally the same as a plain H*, except that it triggers the lecturing downstep effect. In other systems, such as the ToBI revision, this downstepping is marked with an explicit marker (an exclamation point placed before the affected accent.

Mod

A supervisor Is defined as â€Å"someone who supervises as In a large business or enterprise,† supervise Itself means â€Å"to be In charge of (someone or something) : to watch and direct (someone or something)† this means that the Job Is still built and run with the same basic and fundamental Ideas of dervish, Interpersonal skill and professional actions In day to day work such as hilling and directing as needed. Though the functions of the Job are oriented around a new Idea for the switch, the functions themselves are the same. 2.Do you think that supervision can be learned through books and study or only through experience? Why? I believe that good supervision can be learned through books and study, however, supervision itself is a skill and therefore must be taught hands on not only through study. Experience is a key to learning a skill such as supervision because it involves instructing others what to do, one cannot have the confidence to lead others by nearly read ing a book and Jumping in. In order to learn how to lead and supervise you must have the experience of being in command preceded by the experience learned in books and study. 3.Explain the glass ceiling: The glass ceiling refers to the concept that states that the majority of successful business leaders and supervisors are â€Å"white male† and there is an invisible barrier now as â€Å"the glass ceiling' holding women and minorities back from progression in the business world. Diversity is very slowly growing in business however this still seems to be a problem. Greater diversity is a need because in today's world a business must have different languages and cultural viewpoints, the glass ceiling prevents this. 4. Explain entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs are people who start, manage, work In and operate their own businesses. Pond these tasks an entrepreneurs must also proved the professional did of supervision to their own company, Including all the liableness, risk and taxe s. The rewards of entrepreneurship are great personal accomplishment and profit If done properly. Mod 1 By Sketchbooks would also do well at a bank. A supervisor is defined as â€Å"someone who supervises as in a large business or enterprise,† supervise itself means â€Å"to be in charge of that the Job is still built and run with the same basic and fundamental ideas of leadership, interpersonal skill and professional actions in day to day work such as ring and directing as needed.Though the functions of the Job are oriented around a new idea for the switch, the functions themselves are the same. Known as â€Å"the glass ceiling† holding women and minorities back from progression in Entrepreneurs are people who start, manage, work in and operate their own businesses. Upon these tasks an entrepreneurs must also proved the professional side of supervision to their own company, including all the liabilities, risk and taxes.

Consumer Profiling for Zara Home USA

The Situation CUSTOMER PROFILING In 2010, eMarketer reported that 71% of Americans use the internet. They estimated that figure would grow to 78% by 20141. The latest figures by Internet World Stats show that, in 2012, 78% of Americans are already using the Internet2. Internet use is growing at breakneck speeds, and internet shopping is a big part of that use increase. As an exclusively e-commerce outlet in the United States, Zara Home could view every American internet user as a potential customer.However, Zara Home products are targeted toward women in the age group of 18-34. 27% of the total American population online falls in that age bracket3, almost evenly distributed between men (51%) and women (49%)4. The target audience for Zara Home can therefore, be narrowed down to approximately 13-14% of the American population – women who actively use the internet. The Zara Home target is extremely active online. Usage5 statistics show that they have very high awareness of digita l media beyond simply browsing, including social media, mobile and video.This high engagement and activity is an advantage for the brand. Zara Home must now identify which smaller targets within this group will be most open to the brand’s specific, timely and relevant information. It is extremely important to find niche targets that will integrate the brand into their digital experience. Keeping this insight in mind, two niche targets are suggested: Social Moms and Generation â€Å"Connected† Women.These niche targets add up to roughly 62 million potential customers for Zara Home,6 though there is bound to be overlap between the two groups. 1 2 http://www. emarketer. com/Article. aspx? R=1007519 http://www. internetworldstats. com/stats14. htm 3 http://www. emarketer. com/Article. aspx? R=1007519 4 http://www. emarketer. com/Article. aspx? R=1008382 5 http://www. emarketer. com/Article. aspx? R=1008382 6 http://www. emarketer. com/Article. aspx? R=1008085 4

Water Pollution In The Western Region Of US - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 797 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Ecology Essay Level High school Tags: Water Pollutions Essay Did you like this example? Water Pollution in the West Water pollution is a major concern in the Western region of the United States, especially in California. According to the Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC), Every year roughly $10 Billion is spent on water pollution control in California, with the vast majority being for site specific sources of pollution such as wastewater treatment(Chappelle, Hanak). Water pollution comes from point and nonpoint sources. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Water Pollution In The Western Region Of US" essay for you Create order Storm water runoff is a nonpoint source that can lead to harmful chemicals ending up in the water supply. California has passed laws requiring cities to limit and clean up pollution from storm water runoff. However, the new storm water regulations are largely ineffective. Currently in the City of San Diego alone, it is estimated that over 2400 businesses were operating without the necessary water pollution control permit(Rivard). The state of California and its cities lack the necessary resources to ensure businesses comply with their water pollution control laws. San Joaquin Valley has the worst water pollution problem in California. Unsurprisingly, the majority of the people affected are from small rural counties which are disproportionately poor and Latino. Some residents are unaware of the water pollution problem due to a lack of information, being unable to understand the language the information is displayed in, and the fact that private water wells are not required to undergo testing. Pollutants such as pesticides, arsenic, nitrates and various other toxic substances can be found in the water. According to the PPIC, Solutions for at-risk communities statewide would require additional expenditures of $30â€Å"$160 million annually, and this number is likely to grow as requirements are tightened(Chappelle, Hanak). Clean water should be a basic human right and the benefits of having clean water far outweigh the cost of providing clean water. All humans, animals and plants need water to survive so it is important for water to be minimally polluted. Some possible remedies for this problem include giving tax incentives to companies who control their pollution, fining companies for polluting the water, increasing information to community members and policy makers, empowering minorities, and altering public policies to make them more effective. Additionally, in poorer areas such as San Joaquin Valley water quality laws should focus on vertical equity to make sure all incomes have access to clean water not just richer areas. These remedies can greatly ease and possibly eliminate some of the water pollution concerns in California. In California, Arizona, Utah, and Nevada droughts are a major water quality concern as they significantly increase pollutants in the water. Relatively recently, Arizona, California, Utah, and Nevada have all been impacted by droughts. Research suggests that Lake Mead â€Å" a reservoir that supplies water to over 25 million people in California, Arizona, Utah and Nevada has shrunk to record lows(Plumer). Climate change and weather patterns can be seen as potential causes for the droughts. There are not many benefits to droughts, however droughts can raise awareness and interest in water quality projects. A main problem during droughts is that a rivers flow decreases due to decreased amounts of water. The low flow and accompanying temperature increase leads to low levels of oxygen in the water. Living organisms need oxygen to survive, so the decreased oxygen levels greatly threaten wildlife and can cause algal blooms. Algal blooms can destroy water supplies because they produce toxi ns that are harmful to humans. Also, droughts can cause the salinity of water to increase which threatens agriculture. Two possible ways to control algal blooms include aerating the water to ensure it is getting enough oxygen, and using ultrasound waves to combat algae growth. Prevention and using strategies to limit the pollution are the most cost effective ways to ensure that water quality is not affected by algae. Additionally, there is technology that can be used to desalinate water through the process of reverse osmosis. This technology can remove the saline pollutant from the water, but it is a very costly process. Investing in this technology now would be very beneficial because as the climate continues to change and droughts become more prevalent, water supplies will be limited and desalinization can help fix the quality of water and make it drinkable for humans. Policy solutions should be in place aimed at preventing droughts because it is much more cost effective to try and prevent and limit droughts then to deal with the impacts of one. Works Cited Chappelle, Caitrin, and Ellen Hanak. Californias Water Quality Challenges.Public Policy Institute of California, 2015, www.ppic.org/publication/californias-water-quality-challenges/. Plumer, Brad. Lake Mead Helps Supply Water to 25 Million People. And It Just Hit A New Record Low. Vox, Vox, 23 May 2016, www.vox.com/2016/5/23/11736340/lake-mead-water-drought-southwest. Rivard, Ry. Californias Stormwater Regulations Are Themselves a Toxic Mess.Water, News Deeply, 10 Jan. 2017, www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/01/12/californias-stormwater-regulations-are-themselves-a-toxic-mess.